Εγκαταστήστε το Active Directory στον Windows Server 2016.
ΣΗΜΕΙΩΣΗ: Before installing the AD role, you must install the DNS role. (DNS – required component for AD)
Install Active Directory Domain Services with Graphical Interface (GUI)
1. Start your Server and start the Διαχειριστής διακομιστή κονσόλα (by default starts after user login);
2. Click Manage (upper menu) και κάντε κλικ Add Roles and Features;
3. Κάντε κλικ the Next κουμπί;
4. Επιλέγω Εγκατάσταση βασισμένη σε ρόλους ή σε χαρακτηριστικά και κάντε κλικ Επόμενο κουμπί;
5. Select your target server (in my case it’s only one) και κάντε κλικ στο Επόμενο κουμπί;
6. Ορίστε το σημάδι επιλογής Υπηρεσίες τομέα Active Directory (ADDS);
7. Στο αναδυόμενο παράθυρο κάντε κλικ Add Features κουμπί (added some AD management tools);
8. Κάντε κλικ Επόμενο κουμπί;
9. For now we don’t need any Χαρακτηριστικά, so click Επόμενο;
10. Read the short text about AD and click the Επόμενο κουμπί;
11. You may set a check mark Restart the destination server automatically if required (by default not required). Κάντε κλικ στο Εγκαθιστώ κουμπί;
12. After installation is complete click the Κλείσε κουμπί;
13. After role installation is complete you will see a yellow triangle in the upper menu. Click on it to show the next list, Κάντε κλικ Promote this server to a domain controller (to make this device Domain Controller, aka DC);
14. Επιλέγω Add a new forest (in my case this is a new DC and new forest), and enter the Root domain name (this is our future domain). Κάντε κλικ στο Επόμενο κουμπί;
15. Επιλέξτε το δικό σας:
- Forest functional level;
- Domain functional level;
Type the DSRM password (make it strong, needed for future restore if it fell) και κάντε κλικ the Next κουμπί;
16. If you have parent DNS click Show more;
17. Read the short text about DNS delegation and click the OK button.If needed- create a DNS delegation. If you don’t need to Create DNS delegation (as an example) – click the Next κουμπί;
18. Εισαγω The NetBIOS domain name of your domain and click the Next κουμπί;
19. If need – specify the location of AD DS objects, και κάντε κλικ στο Επόμενο κουμπί;
20. Read the summary information, and if all is OK click the Next κουμπί;
21. After checking pre-requirements click Εγκαθιστώ;
22. Installation began;
23. After installation is complete you get a pop-up about Signing out and the system restarting. You may click the Κλείσε button or wait to restart;
24. System restart;
25. After restarting you will see, that you are able to log in as Domain Administrator;
26. After login to the system, when the Server Manager console shows up you will see the installed role AD DS;
Install Active Directory Domain Services with Windows Powershell
The first thing you will need to do is open Windows PowerShell. Once you have logged into the system and are faced with the command line, simply type PowerShell (in Windows Core). For the desktop interface run PowerShell (διαχειριστής).
1. Execute:
Get-WindowsFeature
2. Once the command has been completed successfully, you will be presented with all the uninstalled, but available, modules.
3. Once we have figured out the service name and the module name, we now have to go ahead and install it.
Install-WindowsFeature AD-Domain-Services
This command will extract all required binary files and start the installation procedure.
4. Let’s create a new forest.
Import-Module ADDSDeployment
ΣΗΜΕΙΩΣΗ: If the command is completed successfully then you will be faced with a blank prompt.
5. Τώρα, you will need need to promote your server to a domain controller as per your requirements – there are several commands that you can use to do this.
Command | Περιγραφή |
Add-ADDSReadOnlyDomainControllerAccount | Install a read-only domain controller |
Install-ADDSDomain | Install the first domain controller in a child or tree domain |
Install-ADDSDomainController | Install an additional domain controller in a domain |
Install-ADDSForest | Install the first domain controller in the new forest |
Test-ADDSDomainControllerInstallation | Verify prerequisites to install an additional domain controller in a domain |
Test-ADDSDomainControllerUninstallation | Uninstall AD services from the server |
Test-ADDSDomainInstallation | Verify prerequisites to install the first domain controller in a child or tree domain |
Test-ADDSForestInstallation | Install the first domain controller in the new forest |
Test-ADDSReadOnlyDomainControllAccountCreation | Verify prerequisites to install a read-only domain controller |
Uninstall-ADDSDomainController | Uninstall the domain controller from the server |
To install the Active Directory with the default configuration, execute the following command:
Install-ADDSForest
This will install the basic features and functions, however, if you want to install a customized setup:
Install-ADDSForest
-CreateDnsDelegation:$false
-DatabasePath “C:\Windows\NTDS”
-DomainMode “Win2012R2”
-DomainName “yourdomain.com”
-DomainNetbiosName “YOURDOMAIN”
-ForestMode “Win2016”
-InstallDns:$true
-LogPath “C:\Windows\NTDS”
-NoRebootOnCompletion:$false
-SysvolPath “C:\Windows\SYSVOL”
-Force:$true
Once you execute this, you will be asked to enter SafeModeAdministratorPassword – this is for the Directory Services Restore Mode (DSRM). Once you set this password here Windows will finish the AD installation and configuration on your Windows Server based on the input provided.
6. The Active Directory will now install. You may receive various warnings, depending on whether you have static IPs or not. Your server may automatically restart during this process as well.
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